#!/bin/bash # Script for Raspberry that save image of the used flash to a USB disk, or restore the content of an image (saved in a USB disk) to a flash disk # Can be used to backup the SD of a raspberry, or to clone an image in another SD. # Author: Creasol https://creasol.it # This software is open source, distributed with license GNU GPL3 https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html #structure of SD partitions sfdisk_8GB=' label: dos label-id: 0x12345678 device: /dev/mmcblk0 unit: sectors /dev/mmcblk0p1 : start= 2048, size= 819200, type=c /dev/mmcblk0p2 : start= 841728, size= 6144000, type=83 /dev/mmcblk0p3 : start= 7190528, size= 8000000, type=83 ' sfdisk_16GB=' label: dos label-id: 0x12345678 device: /dev/mmcblk0 unit: sectors /dev/mmcblk0p1 : start= 2048, size= 819200, type=c /dev/mmcblk0p2 : start= 841728, size= 10240000, type=83 /dev/mmcblk0p3 : start= 11286528, size= 16000000, type=83 ' sfdisk_32GB=' label: dos label-id: 0x12345678 device: /dev/sda unit: sectors /dev/sda1 : start= 2048, size= 819200, type=c /dev/sda2 : start= 841728, size= 10240000, type=83 /dev/sda3 : start= 11286528, size= 48000000, type=83 ' function getAnswer () { local x echo -e "\n\n\a" _echo $1 read x if [ "$x" == 'n' -o "$x" == 'N' ]; then echo "No" return 0 else echo "Yes" return 1 fi } #translations to other languages declare -A text text[en,0]="Raspberry/Domoticz image save and restore" text[en,1]="Written by Creasol https://creasol.it" text[en,2]="This script must be called from root user. Type \"sudo su -\" , or \"su -\" to become root, then call this script again" text[en,3]="Would you like to create an image of the SD [SD => IMAGE] (Y/n/ctrl-c)" text[en,4]="Write the name of device where image will be placed (for example sda1)" text[en,5]="========== List of attached devices: ==========" text[en,6]="Write the name of FLASH device to backup (for example mmcblk0)" text[en,7]="Invalid device: please choose the FLASH device, type disk" text[en,8]="========= Terminated : press a key to see the image file ==========" text[en,9]="Would you like to write an image to new SD [IMAGE => SD] (Y/n/ctrl-c)" text[en,10]="Write the name of device where image have been placed (for example sda1 or mmcblk0p2 or ...)" text[en,11]="========== List of files in the selected device ==========" text[en,12]="Write the image filename" text[en,13]="Image file exists, but was not generated by FsArchiver, so it cannot be used by this script" text[en,14]="Do not rename the image filename, because it contains the right label-id for the disk" text[en,15]="Write the name of FLASH device to be written (example sdb)" text[en,16]="Too small SD device: must be at least 8GB" text[en,17]="Device is not type disk: select the device associated to the SD disk (not a partition!), like sda, sdb, ..." text[en,18]="Write the image configuration, like" text[en,19]="Original DiskID (label-id) not found in the image filename: image filename must not be renamed!" text[en,20]="Most probably you have to modify files /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab to match the new DiskId that now is 12345678" text[en,21]="Error unmount target disk, mounted on $d" text[en,22]="Press a key to continue..." text[en,23]="Cannot determine disk size: use at least 8GB disks" text[en,24]="or press ENTER..." #italian translation by Paolo Subiaco text[it,0]="Salva e ripristina le immagini di Raspberry/Domoticz" text[it,1]="Sviluppato da Creasol https://creasol.it" text[it,2]="Questo script va eseguito dall utente root. Digitare \"sudo su -\" oppure \"su -\" per diventare root, e poi richiamare nuovamente questo script" text[it,3]="Vuoi creare un'immagine dall'SD [SD => IMMAGINE] (Y/n/ctrl-c)" text[it,4]="Scrivi il nome del dispositivo dove salvare l'immagine (ad esempio sda1)" text[it,5]="========== Lista dei dispositivi disponibili: ==========" text[it,6]="Scrivi il nome del dispositivo FLASH da backuppare (ad esempio mmcblk0)" text[it,7]="Dispositivo invalido: scegliere un dispositibo FLASH di tipo \"disk\"" text[it,8]="========= Terminato : premere un tasto per vedere il file immagine ==========" text[it,9]="Vuoi scrivere un'immagine in un nuovo SD [IMMAGINE => SD] (Y/n/ctrl-c)" text[it,10]="Scrivi il nome del dispositivo contenente l'immagine (ad esempio sda1 o mmcblk0p2 o ....)" text[it,11]="========== Lista dei files nel dispositivo ==========" text[it,12]="Scrivi il nome del file associato all'immagine" text[it,13]="Il file esiste, ma non e'stato generato da FsArchiver e non puo' essere gestito da questo script" text[it,14]="Non rinominare il file contenente l'immagine, perche' contiene l'ID del disco" text[it,15]="Scrivere il nome del dispositivo FLASH da scrivere (ad esempio sdb)" text[it,16]="Dispostivo SD troppo piccolo: deve essere almeno da 8GB" text[it,17]="Il dispositivo non e' del tipo \"disk\": selezionare il dispostivo associato all'intera memoria SD (e non una partizione!), come sda, sdb, ..." text[it,18]="Scrivi la configurazione dell'immagine, ad esempio" text[it,19]="Impossibile conoscere il DiskID (label-id) originale, non presente nel nome del file immagine: mai rinominare le immagini!" text[it,20]="Molto probabilmente dovrai montare le partizioni e modificare i files /boot/cmdline.txt e /etc/fstab scrivendo il nuovo DiskId che e' 12345678" text[it,21]="Errore smontando il disco di destinazione, montato su $d" text[it,22]="Premi un tasto per continuare..." text[it,23]="Non riesco a determinare la dimensione del disco: utilizzare dischi da almeno 8GB" text[it,24]="oppure premi INVIO..." #Would you like to translate to another language? Copy the lines text[en,..], replace "en" with the new language (e.g. "fr" for French) and translate the texts #Please send translation or any suggestion/patch to linux@creasol.it , so we can publish your improvements too. Thanks function _echo () { # print text_${lang}[$1] txt=${text[${lang},$1]} if [ -n "${txt}" ]; then echo "$txt" else echo "${text[en,$1]}" fi } lang=${LANG:0:2} _echo 0 #"Raspberry Domoticz save/restore image" _echo 1 #"Written by Creasol https://creasol.it" # Check that script is executed by root if [ "`whoami`" != "root" ]; then _echo 2 #'This script must be called from root user. Type "sudo su -" , or "su -" to become root, then call this script again' exit fi # if fsarchiver does not exist, update repository and get fsarchiver among other software if [ -z "`which fsarchiver`" ]; then apt update apt -y install fsarchiver wget curl fi # while loop to do all while [ 1 ]; do echo "================================================" getAnswer 3 #"Would you like to create an image of the SD [SD => IMAGE]" if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then while [ 1 ]; do _echo 5 #"========== List of attached devices: ==========" lsblk _echo 4 #"Write the name of USB device where image will be placed (for example sda1)" read imgdev if [ ! -d /mnt/img ]; then mkdir /mnt/img fi umount /mnt/img 2>/dev/null mount /dev/${imgdev} /mnt/img if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then # mounted successfully break; fi done while [ 1 ]; do _echo 5 lsblk _echo 6 #"Write the name of FLASH device to backup (for example mmcblk0)" read sddev sddevs=`lsblk -i -p -o NAME |grep -- -/dev/${sddev}|cut -b 3-` if [ -n "${sddevs}" ]; then # devices exist break; else _echo 7 #"Invalid device: please choose the FLASH device, type disk" fi done apt clean labelid="`sfdisk -d /dev/${sddev}|grep label-id|cut -b 11-`" dstsfdisk="raspberry_domoticz_${labelid}_`date +%F`.sfdisk" echo "sfdisk -d /dev/${sddev} >/mnt/img/${dstsfdisk}" sfdisk -d /dev/${sddev} >/mnt/img/${dstsfdisk} dstfile="raspberry_domoticz_${labelid}_`date +%F`.fsa" fsarchiver -v -A savefs /mnt/img/${dstfile} ${sddevs} _echo 8 #"========= Terminated : press a key to see the image file ==========" read x ls -l /mnt/img fi echo "================================================" getAnswer 9 #"Would you like to write an image to new SD [IMAGE => SD]" if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then while [ 1 ]; do _echo 5 #"========== List of attached devices: ==========" lsblk _echo 10 #"Write the name of USB device where image have been placed (for example sda1)" read imgdev if [ ! -d /mnt/img ]; then mkdir /mnt/img fi umount /mnt/img 2>/dev/null mount /dev/${imgdev} /mnt/img if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then # mounted successfully break; fi done while [ 1 ]; do _echo 11 #"========== List of files in the selected device ==========" ls -l /mnt/img _echo 12 #"Write the image filename" read imgfile if [ -r "/mnt/img/${imgfile}" ]; then # image file exist: check it was made by FsArchiver if [ "`head -c3 /mnt/img/${imgfile}`" == "FsA" ]; then break else _echo 13 #"Image file exists, but was not generated by FsArchiver, so it can't be used by this script" fi else echo "File ${imgfile} does not exist" fi done while [ 1 ]; do _echo 5 # "========== List of attached devices: ==========" lsblk _echo 15 #"Write the name of FLASH device to be written (example sdb)" read sddev lsblk -i -d /dev/${sddev} sddevsize=`lsblk -i -d -o SIZE /dev/${sddev}` sddevtype=`lsblk -i -d -o TYPE /dev/${sddev}` if [[ "${sddevtype}" =~ "disk" ]]; then # device is a disk sddevsize="`echo ${sddevsize}|cut -b 6-|tr -d G|sed 's/[\.,][0-9]*//'`" echo "SD size=${sddevsize}" if [ ${sddevsize} -lt 6 ]; then part='' _echo 16 #"Too small SD device: must be at least 8GB" elif [ ${sddevsize} -le 8 ]; then #8GB SD part="${sfdisk_8GB}" elif [ ${sddevsize} -le 16 ]; then #16GB SD part="${sfdisk_16GB}" else #32GB SD or more part="${sfdisk_32GB}" fi if [ -n "${part}" ]; then #unmount fs on sddev error=0 for d in `mount |grep /dev/${sddev}|cut -d ' ' -f 3`; do echo "Unmounting $d ..." umount $d if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then _echo 21 #Error umounting .... error=1 fi done if [ $error -eq 0 ]; then break #No errors: continue else _echo 22 #Press a key to continue read x fi else _echo 23 #Cannot determine partition type fi else _echo 17 #"Device is not type disk: select the device associated to the SD disk (not a partition!), like sda, sdb, ..." fi done echo "Partitioning device ${sddev} ..." # partitioning SD using a different DiskID (label-id) to avoid automounting problem during image writing labelid="`echo ${imgfile}|sed 's/^.*_\(0x[0-9a-f]\{8\}\).*/\1/'`" if [[ ${labelid} =~ 0x[0-9a-f]{8} ]]; then echo "Restore original DiskID (label-id): ${labelid}" echo "${part}"|sed "s/0x12345678/${labelid}/" |sfdisk /dev/${sddev} else echo "${part}" |sfdisk /dev/${sddev} _echo 19 #"Original DiskID (label-id) not found in the image filename: image filename must not be renamed!" _echo 20 #"Most probably you have to modify files /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab to match the new DiskId (12345678)" fi sleep 10 #Unmount partitions again while [ -n "`mount |grep /dev/${sddev}`" ]; do for d in `mount |grep /dev/${sddev}|cut -d ' ' -f 3`; do echo "Unmounting $d ..." umount $d done sleep 10 done while [ 1 ]; do echo -e "\a===================================================================" _echo 18 #"Write the image configuration, like" echo " id=0,dest=/dev/${sddev}1 id=1,dest=/dev/${sddev}2 id=2,dest=/dev/${sddev}3" _echo 24 #"or press ENTER..." read fsarest if [ -z "${fsarest}" ]; then fsarest="id=0,dest=/dev/${sddev}1 id=1,dest=/dev/${sddev}2 id=2,dest=/dev/${sddev}3" fi break done #Unmount partitions again while [ -n "`mount |grep /dev/${sddev}`" ]; do for d in `mount |grep /dev/${sddev}|cut -d ' ' -f 3`; do echo "Unmounting $d ..." umount $d done sleep 10 done fsarchiver -v restfs /mnt/img/${imgfile} ${fsarest} echo "Waiting for SD end writing..." sync; sleep 2 #wait few seconds to avoid sfdisk returning error echo "End writing SD!" fi done